Journal: STAR Protocols
Article Title: Fluorescence imaging detection of nanodomain redox signaling events at organellar contacts
doi: 10.1016/j.xpro.2021.101119
Figure Lengend Snippet: Potential pitfalls of imaging mitochondrial membrane potential with TMRM (A) Cells treated with a depolarization cocktail (FCCP: 5 μM & Oligomycin: 2.5 μg/μL) show an immediate transition from a mitochondrial fluorescence distribution (t = 0 min) to a less-specific whole-cell fluorescence (t = 1 min). Following rapid loss of the mitochondrial distribution, TMRM fluorescence persists for many minutes (t = 5 min). Scale bar: 10 μm. (B) Line graph depiction of (A) in which FCCP & Oligomycin (addition indicated by arrow at 0 min) cause a rapid redistribution of TMRM fluorescence from the mitochondrial matrix (Red) to the cytosol (blue) where it is slowly lost from the whole cell region (Black). Detail of the redistribution is shown in expanded timescale (total: 90 s. Inset). The loss of TMRM fluorescence from the whole cell region may have a slow kinetic generating an artificially high F min (Dashed line). Replenishment of the imaging buffer (arrow at 6:30 s) speeds TMRM loss to generate a more accurate F min (Dotted line). (C) Section of a HepG2 cell undergoing mitochondrial flickers stimulated by staurosporine. Transient loss of ΔѰm causes a rapid loss of TMRM fluorescence (M1, t = 19, pseudo color difference: Red) in the active mitochondrion. TMRM leaving the flickering mitochondrion is visible as a cloud of increased fluorescence in the surrounding cytosol (t = 19 pseudo color: Blue). Cytosolic fluorescence of released TMRM decreases (t = 21 s pseudo color: Red) as it is taken up by neighboring polarized mitochondria (M2, t = 21 s pseudo color: Blue), which declines upon the repolarization of the flickering mitochondrion (M1, Blue, M2, Red). Scale Bar 5μm. (D) Line graph of 3 regions of interest (Flickering mitochondrion: M1, stable mitochondrion: M2 & extramitochondrial region of cytosol: Cyto). Demonstrating loss of TMRM from M1 to the cytosol and subsequent uptake to the polarized M2. Restoration to the starting distribution begins after repolarization of M1 (t = 20 s).
Article Snippet: Low Fluorescence Immersion Oil (Type FF) , Cargille , Cat#: 16212.
Techniques: Imaging, Membrane, Fluorescence